laser-deep/populations

Most of the general laser hair removal material in ../summary.md and the wavelength chapters applies to the "generic adult with Fitzpatrick I-III, dark terminal hair, no specific demographic or clinical features." Real patients rarely fit that profile…

Fitzpatrick IV-VI skin types — medium-brown, brown, and dark brown / black skin — require a different set of wavelength, fluence, and pulse-width choices than lighter phototypes because the core physics of selective photothermolysis competes with epidermal…

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterised by painful recurrent nodules, abscesses, and tracts in apocrine-gland-bearing skin (axilla, groin, inframammary, buttock, perineum). Laser hair removal is an…

Hirsutism — terminal hair growth in androgen-dependent regions in patterns culturally coded as male — affects approximately 5-10% of women, of whom polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) accounts for roughly 70-80%. Laser hair removal is an evidence-supported…

Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) and acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) are the two conditions for which laser hair removal is most clearly a medically indicated intervention rather than a cosmetic one. Insurance coverage for PFB-indicated laser often differs…

Several body regions require method-specific caution because the tissue is thin, close to a sensitive organ, high-friction, or otherwise unforgiving of routine laser parameters. This chapter collects the relevant rules per region so a practitioner or…

Pre-operative hair removal for gender-affirming genital surgery is the clinical indication where laser hair removal stops being cosmetic and becomes surgically necessary. Residual hair in a neovagina (after vaginoplasty) can produce intravaginal hair…